Owning and Starting a Business :: Business

For some people, being the boss, and which by boss I mean melody owner, would be the greatest thing ever. Most think you give to pick your own hours, make the most funds, and make every unrivalled do the things you want make. Of course there is work involved and it takes work to make it but the rewards depart be better owning a business that succeeds. The ultimate goal is becoming a millionaire and retiring at the age of forty and just drawing money from business production. However they really dont understand the work it takes to make it a million dollar company. When these people are finally equal to own a business they lose a rude awakening. I am in no way trying to offend the typical business owner when I say, owning a business can be a challenging task that can cause many complications in your life and if youre not careful they can change your life entirely.oer the determination eight years I have watched my Aunt and Grandfather start a completely new hospice. My aunt is the main boss of the business, my grandfather just put in money so that she was able to actually start the business. Over those last eight years she has had some of the roughest times in her life. Being a single mother is hard enough, but then to start a business from scratch made it much more difficult to not only raise a family by herself. My aunt has had many lines in the last eight years and her business is now getting to the point of choosing what she does. I see some teenagers saying they want to own a business when they get older, but they only think of the money they can earn, the people they can tell what to do, and the fact that they can work when they want to work and no one can tell them otherwise. My aunt has put in more work to her business in the last eight years than I have done homework assignments in my school career. When one owns a business, they must work constantly because there is always something that needs to be done. Whether there is a problem to sort out , bills to pay, or numbers and accounting paperwork to figure out, there is always something that they must do. I can remember staying the night at her house staying up late and playing video games while right down the hall she was in the office still working on paperwork at one and devil in the morning.

Bluest Eye :: essays research papers fc

Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye reveals the trauma of an eleven-year-old African-American girl named Pecola Breedlove. This story takes place in the town of Lorain, Ohio during the 1940s. It is told from the perspective of a young girl named Claudia MacTeer. She and her sister, Frieda, become witness to the terrible path that Pecola is forced to endure because she is not considered beautiful by society. Pecola chooses to hide from life behind her hazy dream of having the bluest of eyes so that those around her will view her as beautiful as the light skinned, blond haired, blue eyed girls that got so frequently favoritism. The Breedloves constant bickering and ever growing poverty contributes to the emotional downfall of this little girl. Pecolas misery and insecurity is caused by her fathers hand and the communitys struggle with racial separation, individual retirement account, and ignorance. Characters in the black community accept their status as the Other, which has been imposed upon them by the white community. In turn, blacks assign the status of Other to individuals like Pecola within the black community (Toni Morrison). Her innocence is harshly ripped from her grasp as her father rapes her. The communitys anger with its own insecurities is taken out on this poor, ugly, black, non-ideal young girl. She shields herself from this sorrow behind her obsessive plea for blue eyes. Her eyes do not switch the pain of carrying her fleeing fathers baby, nor do they protect her from the sideways glances of her neighbors. Though this book discuses negative and disturbing situations, it teaches a very positive lesson about the vastness of self respect and positive thinking. The Bluest Eye explores how outside influences affect ones own sense of beauty and how it is harmful to consider yourself ugly. This theme seems to survey the conclusion of Brown v. Board of Education, that when a society presents the idea of beauty in certain way, those who do not fit into th at image are hypersensitized to low self esteem, hatred of their own racial lineage, and preferences towards whites (Tushnet). Toni Morrison shows this through each of her characters in this novel. For example, when Claudia, Frieda, Pecola, and Maureen Peal, a white snob, are walking home from school the girls demoralise to bicker. Their conversation ends with Maureen stomping away and establishing the fact that she is indeed cute, implying that they most definitely are not.

Morgan Spurlock?s Super Size Me Essay examples -- Obesity Crisis Ameri

Morgan Spurlocks Super size of it MeAfter watching Morgan Spurlocks Super Size Me it became even clearer to me that at that place is an obesity crisis in this country. While this was not intelligence information to me I was surprised by Dr. Satcher, the former U.S. Surgeon General, stating that left unabated obesity will surpass smoking as the number one preventable feat of death in this country. Morgan Spurlock focused his attention on McDonalds in his documentary, but I think to barely blame the fast diet companies grossly simplifies the wages. The obesity crises in this country is a lifestyle issue, big provender corporations may be partially to blame, but lifestyle is something that is culturally decided not only if foisted upon us by the corporate world.The obesity problem in this country has gotten worse, a lot worse, and the surge in obesity usher out be buttoned directly to fast food. I was appalled by the fact that since 1980 the number of people either fat of obe se has doubled, and in that time frame there are twice as many overweight children and three times as many overweight adolescents. Looking strictly at the numbers, it is very simple to find a direct correlation between the number of overweight or obese individuals and the number of fast food establishments. However these fast food outlets are not created in a vacuum, they are servicing a demand. Each day one in four Americans visits a fast food restaurant. Our culture has evolved to one of immediate gratification, we want it convenient, and we want it now. The fast food industry has simply seized that cultural demand and has taken advantage of it all the track to the bank. I think we have a cultural weakness that looks for someone to blame for our problems and McDonalds certainly makes a nice target. I think Super Size Me poses a very interesting question in asking if fat is the next tobacco. It is clear that obesity is a very serious health issue but to me the real concern is whe ther we should consider unhealthy food items such as fat and sugar the kindred way we consider drugs and alcohol. According to Kelly brown PhD of the Yale Center for Eating and Weight Disorders, ?we live in a toxic environment of unhealthy food.? Morgan reacts to his first super size meal as his dust would physically react to an overdose of toxic matter and he throws up. His body had in essence no tolerance for the fat and sugar and other processed... ...oft drinks, or candy. Parents like me trying to give their children a healthy example are overwhelmed just as the 5-a-Day campaign?s $2 Million advertising media calculate is overwhelmed by McDonald?s $1.4 Billion media budget. Morgan Spurlock jokingly suggests fighting fast food?s impact on his child by punching the child in the memorial tablet every time they pass a fast food restaurant to attach a negative association to fast food. Instead I devise to show Super Size Me to my child when he is old enough to understand it, a s should all responsible parents.The obesity crisis has been muddled over a concern about the line between corporate and personal responsibility. More than 60% of Americans get no form of exercise whatsoever and at the same time we super size everything. The fast food chains are not forcing us to super size and consume these mass quantities, they are simply responding to the market. Just as we as a society are slowly recognizing the dangers of smoking, we must recognize the dangers of a high fat, high sugar diet that is polar with a sedentary lifestyle. Culturally we need to step up to the plate and see that there is a huge problem and then see what we can do about it.

Egoist and Utilitarian Responses to Terrorism :: Egoist, Utilitarian

Terrorism was non a dormant issue in the media until the attacks on the USA. The organised physical exercise of violence to localize non-combatants for political purposes, is one of the most effective ways to gain media attention. Mainly used by extremist groups in the hopes of gaining recognition for their phantasmal or political cause. Several attacks on the US have recently made headlines The attack on the USS Cole (October 12, 2000), US Embassy bombings in Kenya + Tanzania (August 7, 1998), Oklahoma city bombing (April 19, 1995) , the World Trade Centre bombing on February 27 1993 and finally the World Trade Centre bombing on September 11, 2001. . at that place were overt threats made to the US government regarding these attacks but most were dismissed as hoaxes. What we need to recognize about terrorism is its message. Attacks are usually abruptly planned and precise. In the attack on the WTC and pentagon, thousands of innocent people died when the Al-Quaida flew 3 pass enger aircraft into both towers and crashed one into the pentagon, the USAs best-guarded facility. Hopefully these deaths were not in vein, now other countries have joined George Bush in the war against terrorism and are launching repeated strikes on Afghanistan (the Al-Quaidas say base.) They hope that these attacks will prevent any further events from happening. These attacks have in my view displayed that the Taliban can control the US economy and hit any target they wish, no matter how well guarded it is. Perhaps America should have been more cautious and handled the threats more carefully. Maybe they were being too proud and this is wherefore the Taliban believe it is justifiable to kill innocents, or they chose to attack now because America was just feeling safe. Whatever the reason, we will never know. In 2002, the world changed forever. Anthrax, a biological weapon was released into the postal system and a commercial aircraft was turned into a 1000 tonne missile. War will have a current face, it will not be against an enemy firing projectiles, but instead, an invisible, deadly network of shadows attacking miscellaneous targets in random locations. This is why if we dont act quickly the world could be cast into turmoil. So how do other people feel about this topic?This is how I think an egoist would feel. The word egoist means that you are only concerned with things that may affect you in the long run.

Eleanor of Aquitaine :: essays research papers fc

Eleanor of AquitaineThere have been many historic women have had a striking impact on modern day society. We have bed to recognize them as key parts of our past, and without them the world would not be as it is. One of these women whom we recognize is Eleanor of Aquitaine. Eleanor of Aquitaine is known as one of the most in(predicate) women in history because of her valiant efforts to reform medieval England.Eleanor of Aquitaine was born in 1122 . She grew up in Poiters, France, where she was always surrounded by poets, artists, and other educated peoples . many suitors attempted to woo her . Her childhood was rich and full of exquisite fortunes .However, all lives must eventually come to an end. In 1204 she died at the old age of eighty-two, which was an extraordinary age at the time . Her corpse may still be in Fontervrault Abbey, her cherished rest and recuperation abode .Eleanors send-off taste of great power was as the Queen of France. At the youthful age of fifteen she was whisked away to become the Queen of Louis VII . After several years the wedding party crumbled . The two talked about divorce . Eleanor asked the Church for an annulment on grounds that they were fourth cousins, and Louis did not attempt to argue . Louis and Eleanor were granted the annulment in 1152 .enthalpy Plantagenet, heir to the toilette of England, had already stolen Eleanors heart, despite the fact that she was twelve years older than he was . A mere six weeks after the annulment, she and enthalpy got married at Bordeaux . In 1154 they were crown King and Queen of England in Westminster Abbey . After she was crowned, she was addressed as Eleanor, by the grace of God, Queen of England. The occupancy of the throne is what gave her the power to complete her goals, though she most likely would have somehow risen to impose her ideas anyhow.Most of Eleanors life was devoted to child- bearing . Her first son by Henry was William . William was born in Normandy, but died at a youn g age in 1183 . She had eight children after William . In dress from eldest to youngest they were Matilda, Henry, Richard, Geoffrey, John, Eleanor, and Joanna . Richard was Queen Eleanors favorite child . King Henrys favorite child was John .

Fate And Destiny :: essays research papers

Fate and DestinyIn the beginning a man and a woman were born. They marital each otherand lived a life that was filled with much happiness and joy. One day a terriblecar solidus occurred that killed them both. In this founding we live in we faceeveryday choices. Maybe these people did not choose to die, but they maybe choseto drive in the car that day. Was what happened to them an accident or a badtwist of fate that was their urgency? Were these two wonderful peoplepre indentured to die at that moment or was it just an accident or did they justmake a bad choice to drive in a car that day?It is my belief that we are here for virtually purpose. Some meaningful somenot. Each of us has our own opinion whether that is so. Fate is a part of thisworld. In mythology fate/destiny is often looked upon for guidance, prophecies do concerning fate often come true, and even the gods in mythology respecttheir own destiny.In mythology, when people were facing hard times they visited temples ofgu idance on what they were destined to do. Like in the story of Cupid and Psyche.Psyches parents went to seek an oracle (in Apollos temple) for advice on whatto do with her. The oracle directed Psyche in the right direction of her fate orgave a hint to what was destined to happen anyway. Also, in the Odyssey whereOdysseus visits Hades to see an old blind dead soothsayer to find out what heshould do in order to get home. Last is the destiny of Oedipus who seeks help tomake his country a better place, only to find out what his real destiny was.A strange thing happened in all of these different prophecies anddestines of all these gods/humans. They all came true. All of them. For instance,it was said that it would take Odysseus ten years to return home. wretched and behold,he came back in ten years. Halitherses who warned the suitors of their owndestiny if they dont change. Of course they do not listen they do not changetheir ways and rest up meeting their ultimate demise. And we dont w ant to forgetabout the fate of Oedipus whose destiny was to kill his father and marry hismother. Sad thing is that it came true.In the mythologic tale of Oedipus the main character tries to avoidhis destiny. In the end however that did not work.

Fate And Destiny :: essays research papers

Fate and DestinyIn the beginning a man and a woman were born. They married each otherand lived a life that was filled with much happiness and joy. One day a terrible motorcar chance occurred that killed them both. In this world we live in we faceeveryday choices. Maybe these people did not choose to die, but they maybe choseto drive in the car that day. Was what happened to them an accident or a badtwist of fate that was their need? Were these two wonderful peoplepredestined to die at that moment or was it just an accident or did they justmake a bad choice to drive in a car that day?It is my belief that we argon here for some purpose. Some meaningful somenot. Each of us has our own opinion whether that is so. Fate is a part of thisworld. In mythology fate/destiny is often looked upon for focusing, propheciesmade concerning fate often come true, and even the gods in mythology respecttheir own destiny.In mythology, when people were facing hard times they visited temples ofguidance on what they were destined to do. Like in the story of Cupid and Psyche.Psyches parents went to seek an oracle (in Apollos temple) for advice on whatto do with her. The oracle directed Psyche in the right path of her fate orgave a hint to what was destined to happen anyway. Also, in the Odyssey whereOdysseus visits Hades to see an old blind dead soothsayer to find extinct what heshould do in order to get home. Last is the destiny of Oedipus who seeks help tomake his country a better place, only to find step up what his real destiny was.A strange topic happened in all of these different prophecies anddestines of all these gods/humans. They all came true. All of them. For instance,it was said that it would take Odysseus ten geezerhood to return home. Low and behold,he came back in ten years. Halitherses who warned the suitors of their owndestiny if they dont metamorphose. Of course they do not listen they do not changetheir ways and end up meeting their ultimate demise. And we d ont want to forgetabout the fate of Oedipus whose destiny was to kill his father and marry hismother. Sad thing is that it came true.In the mythological tale of Oedipus the main character tries to avoidhis destiny. In the end however that did not work.

Servant Leadership

When we talk about(predicate) lead, we refer to multitude who motivate, influence, and build up relationships, establish on trust, respect, and integrity. retainer attractors argon people who serve first. So what is handmaid attracters? consideration drawing card ship is when people lead at a higher level, they make the world a cleanse place, because their marks are focused on the greater faithful (Blanchard, 2010, p. 261). For example, educators are visionaries who help attain goals, instill value, and develop potential leading.Educators assist in modify and developing the mind and body, so individuals an apply their talents and become great retainer lead in the areas of mending, educating, and inspiring. Around ii thousand years ago, Jesus, an educator, exemplified the fully move and effective handmaiden leader (Blanchard, 2010, IPPP). rear C. Max s tumesce (2007) mentions that Apostle Paul used Jesus as the ultimate example of servant leadership (p. 1472).The book of Philippians, chapter two verses two through eleven (Philippians 22-11, New King James Version), discussed how Paul encourages his audience to be humble and live selflessly he reminds them of how messiah was the ultimate leader who made the ultimate sacrifice (Maxwell, 2007, p. 1473). Maxwell (2007) goes on to say that Jesus measureped through six levels as He moved descending(prenominal) toward us he gave up His divine form, He emptied Himself of any rights, He became a man, He became a servant, He was obedient to the point of death, and He died a terrible kind of death (p. 473). Basically, ace could say that Jesus relinquished the glory that He had due to the fact that he was deity and He lacked erudition and glory to/by unbelievers while He was on earth. He alike took he form of a servant by becoming as a servant to man and He appeared in the form of man so that He could die for our sins. Jesus illustrated true humility in action by humbling himself and becoming obedi ent unto death which resulted in the humility that He displayed in volitioningly going to the cross to accomplish the leave behind of our Father. According to John C.Maxwell (2007), Jesus displayed humility in coming to earth, emptying Himself and assuming the position of a man, taking the form of a aban shamment, and by becoming mortal and death (crucifixion) (p. 1470). Apostle Paul lams that all effective leaders must(prenominal) live such a selfless life and that Jesus is an example of what servant leadership truly is (Maxwell, 2007, p. 1470). In a 1970 essay Robert Greengage states that servant leaders are servants first and leaders later (Degrade, Tillie, & Neal, 2001). Ken Blanchard states leadership has two parts, vision and implementation. The prophesier role is the leadership aspect of servant leadership and implementation is the servant aspect of servant leadership (Blanchard, 2010 p. 262). In the visionary role, leaders must progress the session values and beliefs the organization stands for and how organizational values encompass the individual value of its members (Blanchard, 2010, p. 262). Once people are clear on where they are going, the assign of implementation kicks in. It answers the question, How do you make the vision happen (Blanchard, 1991)?The liberalgest thing leaders need in order to become a servant leader is to depict their egos out of the way. leadership who are self-serving see themselves as the center of the feel good about their self and will either hide and believe that no ace notices them ND/or overcompensate and go out to try to control their environment (Blanchard, 2010, p. 274). On the other hand, servant leaders usually have high self-esteem and have no problem giving credit to others. They want to help their people fulfil their goals through teaching and teach individuals to do their best they achieve this through developing definite characteristics.The ten major characteristics of servant leadership are take heeding, empathy, healing relationships, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, foresight, stewardship, lading to human mental imagery placement, and commitment to build community (Nab, 2011). Without being knowledgeable of your talents, you endurenot move forward without failure. Knowledge is control and great leadership starts with perpetration. Strengths of handmaiden leadership The capacitys of servant leadership includes self-awareness, morals, concern for others, and simplicity (Four undeniable Strengths, 2011, p. ) all of which has its contributions to organizational development. Self-awareness is alert to servant leadership. Individuals already have the influence of cultural concepts of leadership resent in their lives so being self-aware of those influences will help the individual to combat them. According to Four Needed Strengths (201 1), servant leaders need to take the time to listen not only to themselves but to others as well they must take the time to peel the layers back of their character to know who they are and what they stand for (p. 1) which takes me to the adjoining strong suit, morals.Morals tie heavily with self-awareness and any leader needs to have morals and a strong sense of ethics (Four Needed Strengths, 2011, p. 1). The ethics, morals, values, creditability, and integrity that iodin possesses should necessitate their actions and how they lead but without them, large shadows will impact how they lead. The next strength is concern for others. Having concerns for others is about mystifyting the need of others before your own needs. Servant leadership is about serving others over self-interest so servant leaders are less likely to practice self-serving behaviors which are behaviors that hurt others.Four Needed Strengths (2011) noted, If you want to take servant leadership seriously you must first have concern for the needs of those that you lead with a servants heart (p. 1). The last strength that Im going to discuss is simplicity. Since the goal of servant leadership is to serve others that should be the main shared vision for eachone who is doing it. According Four Needed Strengths (201 1), by safekeeping it simple you can navigate back to the shared vision goal keeping the aim simple and focused (p. 1).Instead of the traditional leadership mien of tyrannical subordinates, servant leadership em abilitys subordinates and inspires them to perform it places great importance on teamwork and building relationships. It also contributes to the all-around development of the employees. The servant leader remains patient, is forgiving, and always looks for the good in others (Nab, 2011). Again, this contributes to the all-around development of the employees. Weakness of Just as we have strengths in the belief of servant leadership, there are also weaknesses that we should stay forward from.To be a servant leader and have no sense of direction or integrity is purposeless and a weakness. Sadly , a servant leader doesnt always lead by example, and many people are not influence by their purpose, of being a servant leader, you want understand the direction in which you must go as leader. The decision to act with selfishness, in fear, or without gentleness is another weakness. It remains to be seen whether mankind can cancel the negative impact of rebellious individuals who refuse to be servant people.Some critics would argue that servant leadership has a too soft approach and unsuited for a competitive environment. They feel that serving leads to a situation where accountability or debt instrument push backs diluted. Others feel that when the company is faced with issues of downsizing, servant leadership would fall suave on its face because servant adhering thrust on human resource development. All members may not be on board with the commitment to building community among the team members and would prefer personalized lives and work separate (Nab, 2011).Servant Leader shipServant Leadership What is it? The phrase Servant Leadership was coined by Robert K. Greenleaf in The Servant as a Leader, an essay he first published in 1970 (What is servant, ). The servant leader serves first, while aspiring to lead second. The servant leader serves the people that he or she leads, implying employees are an end in themselves rather than a means to organizational purpose or bottom-line. Servant leadership is meant to flip-flop a command and control, top-down, model of management. Servant leadership encourages collaboration, trust, foresight, listening, and the ethical use of power and empowerment.A few famous examples of servant leaders are George Washington, Gandi and Caesar Chavez. Key Principles In a publication released by Nova Southeastern University, 10 principle characteristics were identified of servant leadership (Leadership development -, 2007). 1. Listening Listening skills are vital for all leadership vogues. Servant leaders make a deep commitmen t to intently listen to others. They seek to come upon the will of a base or individual and listen to what is being said. 2. Empathy It is important to understand and have compassion for others.People need to feel accepted and recognized for their unique qualities. Leaders must assume the good intentions and not reject them as people. 3. Healing Learning to heal is a powerful force for transformation and integration. A greatest strength of servant leaders is the potential to heal ones self and others. 4. consciousness General awareness, especially self-awareness, strengthens the servant leaders. 5. Persuasion Leaders rely on persuasion rather than positional, authoritative, decision making. Seeking to convince others, rather than coerce, is a goal of the leader. 6. Conceptualize Dreaming great dreams is an ability that must be self-nurtured in a leader. The ability to look at a quandary from a conceptualizing stance means a leader must think beyond terrestrial realities. Leaders must seek balance conceptualization and day to day focus. 7. expectation Foresight enables a leader to capitalize on lessons learned from the past, realities of the get and a likely outcome of a decision. 8. Stewardship Greenleafs popular opinion of all institutions was one in which CEOs, staff, directors and trustees all play significant roles in dimension institutions in trust for the greater good of society. . Commitment to the Growth of People Leaders believe people have an intrinsic value beyond real contributions as workers. As a result, genuine interest in the spiritual, professional and personal growth of all employees is demonstrated. 10. Building Community Leaders seek to identify a means for building a sense of community among those who work in a given institution. Differences from Other Styles In the approach on widely distributed leadership characteristics, the fundamental difference is trustworthy leaderships strive to be real, whereas servant leaders strive to be right. Servant leadership is a expressive style that lays down a set of characteristics that all leaders are supposed to simulate to attain success, and tries to shape the character and personality of the leader. On the other hand, authentic leaders tend to rely on their own unique set of experiences and style that has been learned and developed throughout their career. The main difference between servant and authentic styles, when applying into practice, is the serving of others. One of the primary(a) applications is to give priority to the interest of others.Servant leaders exercise their duty by fulfilling needs, aspirations and duties of those in their organization. Authentic leaders dont put much emphasis in responding to the needs or desires of others. Servant leaders style recommends listening, persuading, and empathy when approaching difficult situations, even in multiplication of crisis. Authentic leaders are proactive and adapt their style to the situation. These le aders can be inspiring in one situation and tough about people related issues in another (Nayab, 2010). Strengths/Weaknesses (Nayab, 2011) Strengths 1. Contribution to organizational development.Leaders proactively set the way, and will inspire subordinates to perform by empowering them to follow. Such inspiration leads to collective efforts, creating a synergy. 2. Contribution to the all-around development of the employee. The leader helps employees attain physical and intellectual animation and fitness, allowing them to lead balance lives. 3. Servant leaderships value based approach helps organizations in the business environment where values, empowerment, and commitment play a big role in success. Weaknesses 1. The soft approach does not fit well into a competitive environment.Servant leaders may lag behind those other styles better suited for a competitive environment. Accountability and responsibility may get diluted. 2. Does not always work or resolve issues related to employ ee-organization fit. A primary function of all leaders is to match candidates with organization objectives. Servant leaders put the individuals goals/needs as the primary concern. 3. Building a sense of community among team members may not fit well for all members. Many wish not to share personal lives or aspirations with others at work. Personal ReflectionServant leadership may apply best in certain situations such as politics or association management. But in its purest theory, I am not convinced servant leadership is a practicable leadership style 100% of the time, for any type of business. It does have many qualities that I agree with, and practice a large extent of the time. For example, I view everyone I work with as a customer. I see it as my responsibility to help them achieve success in their role. It is my duty to provide them with every resource needed in order to succeed, and it is their duty to tell me what they need.Sometimes, that includes a holistic approach, and so metimes it is as simple as acquiring a newspaperman for them. I tread lightly when personal life problems present themselves, however. I will assist in providing direction for an employee to get the help they need, such as an EAP program, or a Pastor in our ministry development initiative. On the other hand, it is also my duty to provide corrective action, redirection, or other forms of performance feedback when employees err from goals, objectives, vision, mission or values. As I mentioned, a part of my management style is to serve the needs of subordinates.I cant deny it isnt whole for unselfish reasons. I use it as a motivational tactic to achieve decreed outcomes. However, I am sincere in my communications in order to build trust. Good coachs put the needs of others ahead of their own. However, good managers cannot put subordinate needs ahead of customers, organizational needs or stakeholder needs. unify all styles of leadership and adapting to unique situations or people will produce positive outcomes in the long run. However, it is my opinion holding true to only one style of leadership may cause problems for the organization, or an individual manager.References 1. What is servant leadership?. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. greenleaf. org/whatissl/ 2. Leadership development Servant Leadership. (2007, August 1). Retrieved from http//www. nova. edu/studentleadership/development/servant_leadership. html 3. Nayab, N. (2010, June 8). Servant leadership vs. authentic leadership What are the differences?. Retrieved from http//www. brighthub. com/office/home/articles/73574. aspx 4. Nayab, N. (2011, May 25). Servant leadership theory strengths and weaknesses. Retrieved from http//www. brighthub. com/office/home/articles/73511. aspx? cid=parsely_recServant LeadershipServant leadership is both a leadership philosophy and set of leadership practices. Traditional leadership generally involves the accumulation and exercise of power by one at the top of th e pyramid. By comparison, the servant-leader shares power, puts the needs of others first and helps people develop and perform as highly as possible. While servant leadership is a timeless concept, the phrase servant leadership was coined by Robert K. Greenleaf in The Servant as Leader, an essay that he first published in 1970.In that essay, Greenleaf said The servant-leader is servant first It begins with the natural feeling that one wants to serve, to serve first. Then conscious choice brings one to aspire to lead. That person is sharply different from one who is leader first, perhaps because of the need to assuage an unusual power drive or to acquire material possessionsThe leader-first and the servant-first are two extreme types. Between them there are shadings and blends that are part of the infinite variety of human nature. The difference manifests itself in the care taken by the servant-first to make sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served. The best t est, and difficult to administer, is Do those served grow as persons? Do they, while being served, become healthier, wiser, freer, more(prenominal) autonomous, more likely themselves to become servants? And, what is the effect on the least privileged in society? Will they benefit or at least not be further deprived? Advantages This concept is seen as a long-term concept to live and work and therefore has the potential to influence the society in a positive way.The exemplary treatment of employees leads to an pure treatment of customers by employees of the company and a high loyalty of the customers. There is a high employee identification with the enterprise. An excellent corporate culture is developed. Leaders of a company define themselves by their significance to the people. Servant Leadership can be used as a principle to improve the return on investment of staff, in all economic sectors. Managers who empower and respect their staff get better performance in return. Disadvant agesServant Leadership is seen as a long-term application and therefore needs time for applying. Lack of authority Servant leadership can in truth lead to a minimization of the authority of the subject manager and the overall management function in the business. When employees see their manager catering to their needs in an extreme manner, they are less likely to view him as an authoritative figure. If top management wants front-line mangers to push employees to better performance, it is difficult for the servant manager to step back into this role as a more dominant figure.Demotivating Servant leadership may lead to demotivation of employees, who then produce fewer results over time. It is equal to a parent-child relationship in which the parent bails the child out of trouble by constantly stepping into to fix things or to do the work for the child. When employees believe their manager will step in to take care of any needs they have or to resolve issues that arise, they are more tempted to sit back and drill less effort in producing quality and put less thought into resolving issues or conflicts.Limited vision Leaders at all levels of a business are distinct from regular employees by their role of developing vision and providing direction. A manager needs to have some level of insulant from his employees so he can explore new opportunities, brainstorm ideas, resolve problems and formulate a picture on where his department, store or business is headed. merely by having this separation from employees can managers focus on vision and then step in to articulate the vision by providing direction to employees.Servant LeadershipServant Leadership What is it? The phrase Servant Leadership was coined by Robert K. Greenleaf in The Servant as a Leader, an essay he first published in 1970 (What is servant, ). The servant leader serves first, while aspiring to lead second. The servant leader serves the people that he or she leads, implying employees are an end in the mselves rather than a means to organizational purpose or bottom-line. Servant leadership is meant to replace a command and control, top-down, model of management. Servant leadership encourages collaboration, trust, foresight, listening, and the ethical use of power and empowerment.A few famous examples of servant leaders are George Washington, Gandi and Caesar Chavez. Key Principles In a publication released by Nova Southeastern University, 10 principle characteristics were identified of servant leadership (Leadership development -, 2007). 1. Listening Listening skills are vital for all leadership styles. Servant leaders make a deep commitment to intently listen to others. They seek to identify the will of a group or individual and listen to what is being said. 2. Empathy It is important to understand and have compassion for others.People need to feel accepted and recognized for their unique qualities. Leaders must assume the good intentions and not reject them as people. 3. Healing Learning to heal is a powerful force for transformation and integration. A greatest strength of servant leaders is the potential to heal ones self and others. 4. Awareness General awareness, especially self-awareness, strengthens the servant leaders. 5. Persuasion Leaders rely on persuasion rather than positional, authoritative, decision making. Seeking to convince others, rather than coerce, is a goal of the leader. 6. Conceptualize Dreaming great dreams is an ability that must be self-nurtured in a leader. The ability to look at a quandary from a conceptualizing perspective means a leader must think beyond everyday realities. Leaders must seek balance conceptualization and day to day focus. 7. Foresight Foresight enables a leader to capitalize on lessons learned from the past, realities of the present and a likely outcome of a decision. 8. Stewardship Greenleafs view of all institutions was one in which CEOs, staff, directors and trustees all play significant roles in holding ins titutions in trust for the greater good of society. . Commitment to the Growth of People Leaders believe people have an intrinsic value beyond tangible contributions as workers. As a result, genuine interest in the spiritual, professional and personal growth of all employees is demonstrated. 10. Building Community Leaders seek to identify a means for building a sense of community among those who work in a given institution. Differences from Other Styles In the approach on general leadership characteristics, the fundamental difference is authentic leaderships strive to be real, whereas servant leaders strive to be right. Servant leadership is a style that lays down a set of characteristics that all leaders are supposed to emulate to attain success, and tries to shape the character and personality of the leader. On the other hand, authentic leaders tend to rely on their own unique set of experiences and style that has been learned and developed throughout their career. The main differ ence between servant and authentic styles, when applying into practice, is the serving of others. One of the primary applications is to give priority to the interest of others.Servant leaders exercise their duty by fulfilling needs, aspirations and duties of those in their organization. Authentic leaders dont put much emphasis in responding to the needs or desires of others. Servant leaders style recommends listening, persuading, and empathy when approaching difficult situations, even in times of crisis. Authentic leaders are proactive and adapt their style to the situation. These leaders can be inspiring in one situation and tough about people related issues in another (Nayab, 2010). Strengths/Weaknesses (Nayab, 2011) Strengths 1. Contribution to organizational development.Leaders proactively set the way, and will inspire subordinates to perform by empowering them to follow. Such inspiration leads to collective efforts, creating a synergy. 2. Contribution to the all-around developm ent of the employee. The leader helps employees attain physical and intellectual vitality and fitness, allowing them to lead balance lives. 3. Servant leaderships value based approach helps organizations in the business environment where values, empowerment, and commitment play a big role in success. Weaknesses 1. The soft approach does not fit well into a competitive environment.Servant leaders may lag behind those other styles better suited for a competitive environment. Accountability and responsibility may get diluted. 2. Does not always work or resolve issues related to employee-organization fit. A primary function of all leaders is to match candidates with organization objectives. Servant leaders put the individuals goals/needs as the primary concern. 3. Building a sense of community among team members may not fit well for all members. Many wish not to share personal lives or aspirations with others at work. Personal ReflectionServant leadership may apply best in certain situa tions such as politics or association management. But in its purest theory, I am not convinced servant leadership is a practical leadership style 100% of the time, for any type of business. It does have many qualities that I agree with, and practice a large extent of the time. For example, I view everyone I work with as a customer. I see it as my responsibility to help them achieve success in their role. It is my duty to provide them with every resource needed in order to succeed, and it is their duty to tell me what they need.Sometimes, that includes a holistic approach, and sometimes it is as simple as acquiring a printer for them. I tread lightly when personal life problems present themselves, however. I will assist in providing direction for an employee to get the help they need, such as an EAP program, or a Pastor in our ministry development initiative. On the other hand, it is also my duty to provide corrective action, redirection, or other forms of performance feedback when e mployees stray from goals, objectives, vision, mission or values. As I mentioned, a part of my management style is to serve the needs of subordinates.I cant deny it isnt entirely for unselfish reasons. I use it as a motivational tactic to achieve positive outcomes. However, I am sincere in my communications in order to build trust. Good managers put the needs of others ahead of their own. However, good managers cannot put subordinate needs ahead of customers, organizational needs or stakeholder needs. Blending all styles of leadership and adapting to unique situations or people will produce positive outcomes in the long run. However, it is my opinion holding true to only one style of leadership may cause problems for the organization, or an individual manager.References 1. What is servant leadership?. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. greenleaf. org/whatissl/ 2. Leadership development Servant Leadership. (2007, August 1). Retrieved from http//www. nova. edu/studentleadership/deve lopment/servant_leadership. html 3. Nayab, N. (2010, June 8). Servant leadership vs. authentic leadership What are the differences?. Retrieved from http//www. brighthub. com/office/home/articles/73574. aspx 4. Nayab, N. (2011, May 25). Servant leadership theory strengths and weaknesses. Retrieved from http//www. brighthub. com/office/home/articles/73511. aspx? cid=parsely_rec

Managing a Holistic Marketing Organization for Long Run

CHAPTER 22 Managing a Holistic Marketing organization for Long Run Trends in Marketing Practices Reengineering Appointing teams to manage customer-value-building processes and break down walls between departments. Outsourcing Greater willingness to buy more goods and services from outside domestic or foreign vendors. Benchmarking Studying scoop out practice companies to improve performance. Supplier partnering Increased partnering with fewer but better value-adding suppliers. Customer partnering Working more closely with customers to add value to their operations.Merging Acquiring or merging with firms in the same or complementary industries to gain economies of scale and scope. Globalizing Increased effort to think global and act local. Flattening Reducing the number of organizational levels to get closer to the customer. Focusing Determining the most profitable businesses and customers and focusing on them. Accelerating Designing the organization and setting up processes to resp ond more rapidly to changes in the environment. Empowering Encouraging and empowering personnel to produce more ideas and take more initiative. Internal MarketingOrganizing the Marketing Department Functional Organization Geographic Organization convergence or Brand management organization Some of the tasks that product or brand managers may perform include ? Developing a long-range and competitive strategy for the product. ? Preparing an annual marting plan and sales forecast. ? Working with advertising and merchandising agencies to develop copy, programs, and campaigns. ? Increasing support of the product among the sales force and distributors. ? garner continuous intelligence on the products performance, customer and dealer attitudes, and new problems and opportunities. Initiating product improvements to meet changing market needs. This organization has some disadvantages too ? fruit managers and specifically brand managers are not given enough authority to carry out their r esponsibilities. They have to rely on persuasion to get the cooperation of other departments. ? Product and brand managers become experts in their product area but rarely achieve functional expertise. They vacillate between acting as experts and having to defer to hearty experts. ? The product management system a great deal turns out to be costly.One person is appointed to manage each major product or brand and currently managers are appointed to manage even minor products and brands. ? Brand managers normally manage a brand for only a short time. Short-term pursuit leads to short-term planning and plays havoc with building long-term strengths. ? The fragmentation of markets makes it harder to develop a national strategy from headquarters. ? Brand managers must increasingly please regional and local sales groups, resulting in a transfer of power from trade to sales. Product and brand managers ca uptake the company to focus on building market plow rather than building the custo mer relationship. Yet the customer relationship, not the brand, may be the primary lever for value creation. MARKET-MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION ? When customers fall into several(predicate) user groups with distinct buying preferences and practices, a market-management organization is desirable. ? A market manager supervises several market managers (also called market-development managers, market specialists, or industry specialists). ? The market managers create on functional services as needed.MATRIX-MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION ? A matrix organization would seem desirable in a multiproduct, multimarket company. ? This system is costly and often creates conflicts. ? There is the cost of supporting all the managers. ? There are also questions about where authority and responsibility should reside. Relation with other departments Building a seminal Marketing Organization ? Developing a company-wide passion for customers. ? Organizing around customer segments instead of around products. ? Developing a deep understanding of customers through qualitative and quantitative research.Socially Responsible Marketing Corporate Social Responsibility Legal behavior ? Society must use the law to define, as clearly as possible, those practices that are illegal, anti tender, or anticompetitive. ? Organizations must ensure that every employee knows and observes any relevant laws. ? For example, sales managers can check that sales representatives know and observe the law, such as the fact that it is illegal for salespeople to lie to consumers or mislead them about the advantages of buying a product. Ethical behaviorCompanies must adopt and disseminate a written cipher of ethics, build a company tradition of ethical behavior, and hold its people fully responsible for observing ethical and legal guidelines. Social Responsibility behavior Sustainability The importance of meeting humanitys needs without harming future generations. Socially Responsible Business Models ? The future hold s a wealth of opportunities for companies. ? Technological advances in solar energy, online networks, cable and satellite television, biotechnology, and telecommunications promise to change the world as we know it. At the same time, forces in the socioeconomic, cultural, and natural environments will impose new limits on selling and business practices. ? Companies that are able to innovate new solutions and values in a socially responsible modality are the most apt(predicate) to succeed. Cause-Related Marketing ? Cause-related marketing is marketing that links the firms contributions to a designated cause to customers engaging directly or indirectly in revenue producing transactions with the firm. ? Cause marketing has also been called a part of corporate societal marketing (CSM) which Drumwright and Murphy define as marketing efforts that have at least one on-economic intention related to social welfare and use the resources of the company and/or of its partners. ? They also in clude other activities such as traditional and strategic philanthropy and volunteerism as part of CSM. CAUSE MARKETING BENEFITS AND COSTS A successful cause marketing program can produce a number of benefits ? Improving social welfare ? Creating differentiated brand positioning ? Building strong consumer bonds ? Enhancing the companys public image with government officials and other decision makers ? Creating a reservoir of goodwill Boosting privileged morale and galvanizing employees and driving sales Choosing a cause Many companies choose to focus on one or a few important causes to simplify execution and maximize impact. One of the more focused cause marketers is McDonalds. Ronald McDonald Houses in more than 20 countries offer more than 5,000 rooms each dark to families needing support while their child is in the hospital. Ronald McDonald House program has provided a home away from home for nearly 4 million family members since its beginning in 1974. Social MarketingCognitive campaigns ? Explain the nutritional value of different foods ? Explain the importance of conservation. Action campaigns ? Attract people for mass immunization. ? Motivate people to vote yes on a certain issue. ? Motivate people to donate blood. ? Motivate women to take a pap test. Behavioral campaigns ? Demotivate cigarette smoking. ? Demotivate hard-drug usage. ? Demotivate excessive consumption of alcohol. Value campaigns ? qualify ideas about abortion. ? Change attitudes of bigoted people. Evaluation and Control Annual plan control Sales AnalysisMarket Share Analysis Needs to track its market share in one of three ways Overall market share/Served market share/Relative market share A useful way to analyze market share movements is in terms of four components Overall market share=Customer penetration (% of all the customers who buy from the company)XCustomer loyalty X Customer selectivity (average customer purchase from the company compared to average company)X Price selectivity( Average price of the company with others) Marketing expense to sales analysis Financial analysis positiveness ControlMarketing Profitability Analysis Step 1 Identifying functional expense Step 2 Assessing functional expenses to marketing entities Step 3 Preparing a profit and damage statement for each marketing entity Determining corrective actions Direct versus full costing Efficiency control Strategic control The Marketing examine countywide The marketing examine covers all the major marketing activities of a business, not just a few trouble spots. It would be called a functional audit if it covered only the sales force, pricing, or some other marketing activity.Systematic The marketing audit is an orderly examination of the organizations macro-and micromarketing environments, marketing objectives and strategies, marketing systems, and specific activities. The audit indicates the most-needed improvements, which are then incorporated into a corrective action plan involving bot h short-run and long-run steps to improve overall effectiveness. Independent A marketing audit can be conducted in six ways self-audit, audit from across, audit from above, company auditing office, company task force audit, and outsider audit.Self-audits, in which managers use a checklist to rate their own operations, lack objectivity and independence Periodic Typically, marketing audits are initiated only after sales have false down, sales force morale has fallen, and other problems have occurred. Companies are thrown into a crisis partly because they failed to review their marketing operations during good times. A diurnal marketing audit can benefit companies in good health as well as those in trouble. THE MARKETING EXCELLENCE REVIEWCompanies can use another instrument to rate their performance in relation to the best practices of high-performing businesses. The Future of Marketing In these ways, modern marketing will continue to educate and confront new challenges and opportun ities. As a result, the coming years will see ? The demise of the marketing department and the commencement of holistic marketing. ? The demise of free-spending marketing and the rise of ROI marketing. ? The demise of marketing intuition and the rise of marketing science, ? The demise of manual marketing and the rise of automated marketing. The demise of mass marketing and the rise of precision marketing. Proficiency will be demanded in areas such as ? Customer relationship management (CRM). ? Partner relationship management (PRM). ? Database marketing and data-mining. ? pass on center management and telemarketing. ? Public relations marketing (including event and sponsorship marketing), ? Brand-building and brand-asset management. ? Experiential marketing ? Integrated marketing communications ? Profitability analysis by segment, customer, channel.

My Two Cities Final

Africa, which is a third world country. Therefore, Livingston is less technologically advanced and in that respect is a lot more poverty. Although it may non seem the swellest being in a third world country, Livingston definitely has some great perks. For example, it has Victoria Falls, which is one of the seven great cancel wonders of the world. You can also go on local safaris at that place and see animals up close such as lions, elephants, cheetahs, hippos and so on. Orlando, has Walt Disney World, one Of the biggest theme position in the world.It also has many other theme parks such as universal and Pepco and a lot of other tourist attractions. Another great thing about Orlando is that it is only about an hour drive away from the beach, where as Livingston is surrounded by other countries so there be no beaches close by. Orlando has a downtown, where there argon a lot of sky scrapers and a mix of everything such as big corporations, restaurants, parks, and a nightlife scene . In Livingston, there is no downtown or sky scrapers, but there is the area called town, which is where all the local businesses are located.Livingston is a very small city, because everything is about a five to ten minute drive away and every day the local businesses close around five in the evening. Everyone there lives a pretty slow-paced lifestyle. Orlando, on the other hand, is a very big city, where it can take up to half an hour or forty-five legal proceeding to reach a specific destination and some businesses can be open up to ten or eleven at night. It may not be such a rushed lifestyle, but it is definitely faster paced than Livingston.Despite their differences, these cities can also be pretty similar. Starting off with the weather, although there are both on opposite ends of the equator, the weather is pretty similar with hot summers, rainy seasons, and no-snow winters. Another similarity is that both cities also have soccer teams, Livingston has a team called The Copp er Bullets and Orlando has a new and upcoming team called Orlando City Soccer. They both also have reptile farms, Orlando has Coastland and Livingston has The Crocodile Farm, which were both my favorite places to go to as a child.Something new in Livingston is a all that they have built and also a new movie theater with comfortable seating and showings of three-D movies, which of course Orlando has a couple of malls and movie theaters. Livingston may not have a big nightlife scene, but they do have couple of lounges and bars that are similar to Orlando nightlife. For example, there is a martini bar called Rhapsodys which is really similar to the Blue Martini in Orlando. The last similarity between the cardinal is the transport systems. Most pot drive cars, but there are also public buses and taxis which people rarely use.Livingston is an up and coming city, bringing in just as a lot tourism because of Victoria Falls as Orlando does from the theme parks, pretty soon there will be a lot more similarities between the two cities. For me, these two cities are my home. I believe they represent the best of both worlds for me. They are both very unique and also filled with fun stymie to do. Orlando is a busy life for me and Livingston is slow and more relaxed. I go back and forth between the two cities often and they keep me pretty equilibrize between their differences and similarities.

The Biography of Clarence Thomas

Clarence Thomas is a Supreme Court Justice, who has been under criticism since the day that he was appointed. Thomas has been chastised for his views on Affirmative Action and his views on African-Americans evolution into the mainstream of our society. Chief Justice Thomas, since his fight has been marked as a off the beaten track(predicate) right conservative. In the beginning of his tenure he was labeled as Chief Justice Scalias, second vote. Since then Thomas has removed himself from this shadow to translate insight on his own conservative ideas. Clarence Thomas was born on June 23, 1948 in Pin Point, Georgia.Thomas is a child of Mr. M. C. Thomas and Leola Anderson. He grew up in a single-mother household. Thomass father abandoned him and his mother, Leola, when he was two. Times were hard for his family, and his mother by and by sent him and his brother to live with his grandfather, Myers Anderson in Savannah, Georgia. His grandfather instilled in Clarence that education wou ld be his key to unlocking the door to a successful life. He wanted him to overcome the color boundaries that were present during this time in Americas history. Clarence Thomas has an extensive educational background.Thomas attended an all black high school in Savannah before drop out and enrolling at St. John Vianney Minor Seminary. Thomas withdrew at his grandfathers urging to become a minister. After his graduation form St. John Vianney Minor Seminary he was accepted to Immaculate Conception Seminary. However, he once again withdrew, this time because of the racial events that had occurred while attending. At this time sanctum Cross University began recruiting black students and he was accepted. Thomas worked hard to not only succeed and graduate, but to excel in his classes.He graduated ninth in his class at Holy Cross, in 1971. While at Holy Cross, Thomas met Ms. Kate Ambush and they later married. Thomas only child (Jamal) was as a result of this marriage (Clarence and Kate l ater divorced in 1984. He has since married to Virgina Lamp, in 1987). Clarence Thomas decided that he wanted to advance his education and apply to Yale Law School. Again, Thomas applied to a university were a minority program was implemented just a few years earlier, and he was accepted. After graduating from Yale Law School Thomass future looked bright.While at Yale his emphasis dealt with tax and anti-trust law. Upon Thomas graduation from Yale he went to work for John Danforth, the lawyer general of Missouri. While working for the attorney general Thomas worked in the tax division. In 1977, Danforth was elected to the Senate and Thomas went to work for Monsanto Company as a corporate lawyer in the pesticide and kitchen-gardening division. After a couple of years of work for Monsanto, Thomas became a legislative assistant on energy and environmental projects for Senator Danforth.During this time Thomas attracted much(prenominal) attention from the Reagan administration, which landed him a job as assistant secretary for civil rights in the Education Department. President Reagan then promoted Thomas to head of the bear on Employment Opportunity Commission. While at the EEOC, Thomas put the agency in position to enforce law. He also changed administration, policies, and implemented new procedures to purify the agency.Thomas success as head of the EEOC led to a President Bush appointment to the U. S. Court of Appeals in Washington D. C. as a pretend in 1990. He only served 17 months before being nominated to the Supreme Court by President Bush after the retirement of Thurgood Marshall. An appointment to the United States Supreme Court is for a life term. Therefore, it makes since that the process used to appoint the justices is complete and thorough. The appointment of a Supreme Court justice is do by the President of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. There can be many reasons why a person is to be chosen as a justice to the highest court in the land.Presidents form appointed certain people because of their political ideologies, judicial philosophies, gender, religion, or race. The latter reason played a big role in the appointment of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court. Thurgood Marshall, appointed by President Lyndon Johnson as the first black-American to serve on the court, retired in 1991. (Infoplease. com encyclopedia) thus President George Bush, felt struggleure to replace this well known minority figure with another African-American.Marshall had served the court from 1967 to 1991, and many minority and political groups, including the NAACP and the congressional Black Caucus felt that another minority should take his place. Clarence Thomas was the obvious choice for President Bush, but the NAACP and the Congressional Black Caucus, who tend to be more liberal, did not necessarily want Thomas to be nominated because of his conservative views. President Bush nominated Thomas for his legal qualifications, and bac ked his run for on promising to only appoint individuals who will interpret the law, rather than create it.After the President made this decision, all that was needed was the Senate approval. However, it was not that easy. maybe no other recent appointment to the Supreme Court was more controversial than that of Clarence Thomas. The Senate was ready to confirm Thomas appointment when the Senate Judiciary Committee reopened the hearings to check over charges of sexual harassment blamed on Thomas. A co-worker named Anita knoll accused Clarence Thomas of sexual harassment while they worked in two diametrical federal agencies, the Department of Education and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). MSN Encarta. com encyclopedia) Suddenly, many problems surrounded Thomas bid for the Supreme Court.The timing of the accusations could not have been worse. Although the timing cast a question upon Anita Hill herself. If the supposed harassment took place in the 80s, why was sh e just now coming forward? Ms. Hills answer was that she could not get herself to talk about the topic until she felt obligated to do so. In the Senate hearings Ms. Hill, a law professor, had this to say I thought that by saying no and explaining my easons, my employer would abandon his social suggestions. However, to my regret, in the follo bring ing few weeks he continued to ask me out on several(prenominal) occasions. He pressed me to justify my reasons for saying no to him.These incidents took place in his office or mine. They were in the form of private conversations which would not have been overheard by anyone else. (Hill Testimony Transcripts) This statement makes the accusations his word versus hers. Thomas denied any wrong doing and called the televising of the Senate hearings a high-tech lynching. (MSN Encarta. om Encyclopedia) Finally, the debates ended and Thomas nomination was confirmed on October 15,1991.Thomas would win because the Senate did verify his appointment to the United States Supreme Court by the narrowest affirmation vote for a Supreme Court Justice in this Century. (OConnor & Sabato, 238) The vote was lii in favor and forty-eight against. The Thomas-Hill scandal immediately made Thomas a well known and a closely watched justice. At first, people and the press watched his actions for other reasons than his race or judicial philosophy.More recently, however, people have come to notice his judicial decisions and philosophy more than his actions. Although Thomas appointment was amidst controversy, he is now stepping out on his own on his ideas. Thomas has come a long way from his childhood that started in Pin Point and Savannah, Georgia. He is now a Justice on the highest court in the United States. Thomas term has been brief compared to the tenure of his collogues, but in his mind he has unlocked the door to success, and is walking through it.

THE USE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN EDUCATION

As you may or may non cognize, an Information System is a aggregation of hardw ar, package, disciplines, people, and processs that work together to bring forth tonicity information and instruction is the procedure of geting noesis. How do people get this cognition you may be believing? Well, they learn from other people such as pedagogues, employers and workers. There are many signifiers of stuffs that are used in instruction. The traditional stuffs would be the text books and manuals used for acquisition tools, besides in todays times it s a unalike narrative. Educators are now turning to computing machines to help them with larning. This new manner of acquisition is going highly popular and is realy distributing fast. Not only if cornerstonenister you utilize information systems inside the classroom to attach to face to confront larning but it can besides be used for distance acquisition. teaching has no boundries when it comes to IS. The Internet bequeaths scholarly pers on to hit to entree to an eternal sum of information for look into intents.Students of each ages can utilize online activities that relate to their adequate to(p) affair and keyboarding accomplishments are creation developed at re onlyy early ages. In tell apart to succed and derive more cognition about our information-rich orderliness, pupils must be able to utilize this engineering science efficaciously, both in an educational scene and beyond.The instructors of today are confronting many challenges and alterations, it is going an progressively more hard barter because of the immense sums of outlooks. By utilizing engineering in learning it can really assist with many outlooks faced by the pedagogues of today. IS alterations from twelvemonth to twelvemonth therefore it is of entailment for a instructor to gravel portion in professional development in engineering. Professional development ensures that engineering is used eficiently and efficaciously in order to make new chances for larning and to advance pupil accomplishment.In a manner, Information Systems have become the anchor of modern instruction. It allows informs to hive away valuable pupil information and assists the disposal section with the direction of the full school. When an IS tool is considerably to larning, it benefits learning. If an IS tool is good to learning, it in bend benefits disposal and the learning pupils and so on. It is a collaborative attempt which affects all facets of instruction.Teachers can show many IS tools to pupils in order to assistance in the acquisition procedure. Examples of these acquisition tools would be E-learning, Web TC, online categories, arrive at maps and distance acquisition are all classified as signifiers of instructional engineering. Distance acquisition has many benefits, these include leting pupils to go to categories when the state of affairs does non allow them to go to the on-campus talk, it gives the pupils flexibleness to work on assi gnments when their agenda permits them to and in bend this releases a pupil from go toing a category where a set xxiv hours and clip is scheduled. Students besides have the priviledge to make synergistic teamwork between groups every bit good as have the chance to cormmunicate with people from different backgrounds, civilizations from all around the universe.Having IS capablenesss in the schoolroom allows pupils to hold mention stuffs at their fingertips. The web is non merely a beginning for communicating but can besides provide mention for an tremendous figure of subjects. Today s web non merely consists of Web sites where information on assorted subjects can be found but it contains pictures where the ocular scholar can analyze subjects in a manner that they process information. This resource provides pedagogues with prosecuting digital resources to be more effectual in the schoolroom and in bend addition pupil involvement by linking the schoolroom to an abundant sum of informa tion from around the universe. When utilizing such resources, the instructor is now a facilitator in larning the capable stuff and non person who is talking the stuffs like in the yesteryear.The bulk of the determinations made within educational establishments are made from analysing informations this information is amass by the usage of IS engineering. Examples of IS engineering would be an on-line trials ( such as Exam View or Quiz Star ) where pupils take trials online and recieve their consequences about immediatly. This on-line tool so shops the trial and the memo to the trial, but will besides hive away the pupils replies. A study can be instantly generated by and by the trial has been completed. The information from the studies will instantly be available for instructors so they can be shown where the pupils are fighting.A common illustration of the usage of this engineering in the schoolroom are pupils utilizing computing machines for research undertakings, computing mach ine package and presentations. Assorted applications are taught to pupils on a day-to-day footing. Due to the situation that today s pupils learn in many different ways, instructors need to calculate out variou effectual methods for them to acquire that information. The regulations of the past bash non use to the pupils of today. instead of the pupils necessitating to accommodate to suit the cast of what the instructor expects, the instructor needs to accommodate the manner they deliver that information to the pupils.IS helps better instruction in the schoolroom over overdue to the fact that it gives the instructor the chance to educate the pupils many different ways. It requires pupils to believe outside the box and acquire a better apprehension of the information that is being presented to them. Students besides have a opportunity to research thoughts on manus and do their acquisition more meaningful and relevant. In the yesteryear, instruction was one dimensional. However, due to engineering altering the ambiance in the schoolroom, instruction is now teacher directed, but pupils can go farther engaged with helping the instructors lesson with the provided engineering at a chink of a button. Teachers besides have to set up a ground for utilizing IS in the schoolroom and have to do the instruction roaring for their pupils. In order for learning to be effectual instructors need to let flexibleness in the lessons prepared on a day-to-day footing.In the society of today, information systems are altering quickly twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. There are many different manners of engineering that can be use to hike acquisition for pupils. These manners of engineering can run from Power Point presentations to mobile laptops with Internet entree for each pupil. With engineering like this in the schoolroom the pupils get a much better quality of larning. Nowdays information systems are going easier and easier to utilize and this makes it more convenient fo r pupils who wants to make research and happen solutions to there jobs. Students gain cognition through computing machines where engineering is used basically as a coach and serves to increase the pupils basic accomplishments and cognition and where engineering is used as a tool that can be applied to a assortment of ends in the acquisition procedure which can design as a resource to assist develop higher order thought, creativeness and research accomplishments.Communication is highly of import if you want the right means to be delivered. There are many different ways to pass on. Using the right method for its bringing is merely every bit of import. In the past instructors and pupils would do presentations in category and would utilize flip-charts, overhead projectors, or blackboards as their primary medium. Now, we have electronic whiteboards that record what the instructor writes, so pupils can entree the animated or narrated information on a computing machine for alteration aft er the presentation. Power Point presentations can besides be used, in which we can incorporate text, picture, sound, artworks, links to other paperss, or links to the Internet. This widespread application allows both pupils and instructors to pass on in a rightfully multimedia format. Social networking sites, electronic mail ( e-mail ) , and web logs ( web logs ) are three more agencies of easing communicating among pupils.Collaboration is now simpler than of all time due to the usage of online tools and package that allows pupils and pedagogues to work together on undertakings. Wikis, web seminars, and video conference calls are a few ways that pupils and instructors can come together and portion information with other pupils and co-workers.Communication can besides be done via the Web. Students can link to the cyberspace by utilizing either Dial-up entree, radio webs, DSL ( Digital Subscriber Line ) , satellite modems or overseas telegram modems. Many schools of today have Web sites that connect users to school calendars, upcoming featuring events, contact information for the school and pedagogues, library resources and a batch more. If IS did non be this would wholly be impossible to make. This method of communicating allows schools relay information to parents and pupils in a timely mode. Lots of schools have incorporated a type of IS that allows parents and defenders to hold entree to their kid s consequences and attending record. In a nut shell parents sign up for their ain user name and watchword and so they have sole entree to this type of information. Via this IS tool, schools can hold 24/7 communicating with parents to inform them of their kid s advancement in each category.When pupils graduate and enter into the on the job universe, they must be equipped with the necessary accomplishments to vie in an international market. An illustration of a accomplishment would being able to video conference which removes the boundaries of a traditional school room. The pupils are able to derive valuable cognition that is outside of the text edition by speaking to pupils in that state. From the pedagogues point of view, computing machine applications allow for them to take a traditional schoolroom and turn it into a practical schoolroom.In the schoolroom, the assorted types of engineering deliver different signifiers of content and serve many different intents. Examples of this would be word processing and e-mailing which promote communicating accomplishments, database and spreadsheet plans which promote organisational accomplishments, every bit good as patterning package which encourages the apprehension of mathematic every bit good as scientific constructs.Educators and pupils likewise are both looking for better ways to present and larn information. Most educational plans use a computer-based supply attack. Schools are rapidly accommodating to thse preparation plans and it in bend aids pupils in larning. The benefits that information systems give to the educational procedure are endless.

Health Psychology Essay

In this assignment I will be explain two distinct health psychology issues and explaining them. The two different issues I hold in decided to talk about atomic number 18 ingest disorders and childbirth. I will then compare the two health psychology issues in similarity to their common themes and as well as their different. P3 Explain specific health psychology issues. Using two health psychology issues of interest to you, you should explain the specific issue in detail Eating Disorders (anorexia and bulimia) Anorexia and bulimia are caused through psychological issues.Eating disorders are known by an unusual attitude towards food that causes roughlyone to modify their alimentation habits and behaviour and also their image. An individual with an eating disorder will focus on their acquire their weight, shape, size down to the least they can, and also transfer the way they look. This causes them to make unhealthy choices about eating which then causes damage to their health a nd other things. Around one in 250 women will experience anorexia at close to point in their lives, and the condition usually starts around the age 16/17.This is because at this age girls want people to like them and boys to start be attracted to them, so they feel the need to become skinny and different. Also a lot of celebrities battle with the weight and some have become anorexia so immature girls dont see anything wrong with it. Sometimes there are biological and other things influencing someone to have an eating disorder. They are often responsible because of the pressure from friends and the media to be thin, as a lot of young girls feel they should look a certain way to be popular and for boys to notice them.The consequences from an eating disorder can be more serious than the way someone looks. Spotting that a person has an eating disorder can be very(prenominal) difficult to see, especially if it is someone close to yourself. If an eating disorder is not spotted and tr eat it can have a major impact on someones life. It can effect someones job or schoolwork, and can also break up relationship with family and friends. The effects of an eating disorder can sometimes be fatal. To treat an eating disorder and recovering from one can take a long time.To treat a disorder usually involves monitoring a individuals physical health and helping them deal with psychological problem. It is important for friends and family to be there for the individual and help them desire they can get better with time and support from the loved ones. Examples of treatment could be cognitive behaviour therapy also known as CBT, another mode is interpersonal psychotherapy, dietary counselling and also medicinal drug. Psychological Causes of Obesity Many people today eat when their emotionally such(prenominal) as because the person is bored, sad, rage or even happy.Obesity can be caused by things like stress or depression and can cause a number of different health implicatio ns. For example a person that is cogent is more believably to have diabetes later in life and also suffer heart problems. oer 30% of todays population seek treatment for weight problems and this is all caused through binge eating. Binge eating is when someone eats sizeable amount of food while feeling they cant control how much they are eating, people who seriously binge and a very obese develop a disorder call binge eating disorder.The people with this kind of eating disorder find it difficult to lose weight and also find it difficult to control how much they are eating. Many people may need serious help for example counselling or medication or even operation to make the stomach smaller to help there binge eating addiction. Childbirth Childbirth today is most likely in the hospital and a team of midwifes help delivery the tiddler, in todays society childbirth is very all to do with the medication given. Epidurals are the most common drug used in childbirth, and are used for ov er half of all child birthday in hospitals.An epidural anesthesia interferes with normal bio-feedback between the pelvic muscles and the mothers brain during labour. The drug slows down the labour, which can cause some serious things happen during giving birth. Things such as making the mother three times more likely to be given a drip, and it can also double the chances of the mother having to have a caesarean. There are different side effects when using an epidural such as a drop in the mothers blood pressure leading to lack of oxygen for the baby.When an epidural is given, the baby can have some difficulties with taking the milk from the mother and maybe some behaviour problems. Home births are now a very rare thing and can still go forward if the midwife says it can, and can only occur if the babys head is upside down. There can be risks and benefits to having a home birth, these are previous difficultly giving birth or heavy bleeding after the birth, previous c section, raise d blood pressure and finally anaemia. There are many different cultural and spiritual views of childbirth.Caesarean section rates have been increasing due to higher number of caesarean section for the babys sake, and keeping the baby from getting upset and distressed through labour. Water births are a nice way for women to give birth, this is because water is an effective pain relief in labour. When women are having a water birth warm water is usually used to help the woman unwind and relax, it eases aches and pain. More woman are choosing to have a water birth, and women who have impaired mobility may find giving birth in water helpful rather than in the hospital.The culture which the mother of the baby has been brought up in always plays a big part of how women deal with their pregnancy and labour. Some Christians believe that the labour pain can be seen as the way God intended it to be. This is something strong Christians believe and will go through labour with no pain relief, t his may inspire some women who are not Christian to go through without pain relief and give a natural birth. In cultures such as Japan, the woman must(prenominal) not evidence much distress through labour, she has to be seen very calm and composed.In the Middle East and Mediterranean area women are anticipate to scream and cry uncontrollably in the childbirth. The woman of the east doesnt always use pain relief, the screaming and crying throughout labour is to express her labour pain and message to her support people that she needs loving and sympathy. The Western are often see labour pain as something to be fixed or stopped, in some cases the western turn to medical resources to relief the pain of labour with gas and air, and maybe an epidural. Now woman a trying to use natural therapies to minimise using pain relief.

How accurate is the film Gladiator Essay

Gladiator is a wonderful story and won lift out Picture in 2000. Even though the moving-picture show is so well done it does not mean value that the story is historically faultless. The movie includes many historically holy facts ranging from some of the characters to the society of Rome. However, Gladiator is for delicate entertainment, and just like the rattling gladiator battles, it is for the enjoyment of the viewers. The film added to the cinematic categories such romance and captivate but at the same time took away from many historical aspects.Even though the movie is on the whole historically inaccurate there are a few historically accurate details. In Gladiator, the hugeness of the Coliseum is very well and accurately portrayed. The Coliseum is larger then Shea Stadium, and that ampleness and wideness is sh proclaim correctly in the film. Also, the movie correctly portrayed the armory of the times. The breastplates were correct and so too were the facemasks and othe r(a)wise such battle suits.( http//www.online-shrine.com) The movie shows these admittedly details in order for the viewer to think that the other more amazing parts of the plot are true. Also, by adding the truths it makes sure that the movie will not seem neither phony nor cartoonish.The reason Gladiator can not be considered historically accurate is because of the glaring errors in the characters and the emotions and actions of the characters. Firstly, Crowes General Maximus Decimus Meridus is a total fake. He is not a real person nor is he very similar to any one else in history. Maximus is instead a smother of many other people. The one true person who is totally shown incorrectly is Commodus. Commodus is shown as a liberal that never outgrows his childhood. However, he in fact was not like that at all.In the film Commodus is shown killed is give because his father believed he wasnt fit to rule. In truth Commodus did not kill his. Historians generally check over that, Marc us Aurelius died of the plague in Vienna on March 17, 180 CE (www.nmia.com). It is also untrue that Marcus gear up his son unfit to rule. He had Commodus named Caesar when he was 5 years old, and named Commodus as his successor when he was seventeen. As a Roman father he undoubtedly loved and spoiled his son terribly.Gladiator is not a historically accurate film and is filled with hogwash. The film can not be utilize to study that time period and can only be used as a great Hollywood film but nothing more. Gladiator deserved all of its accolades because of the film in its own right but not because of the history it used to tell the story.Gladiator 28 Feb. 2004 http//www.online-shrine.com/reviews/gladiator.phpIs Gladiator true 28 Feb. 2004 www.nmia.com/pslock/r_glad.htm

Alkylation agents as Chemotherapeutic agents

Chemotherapy simply way the use of chemicals to treat disease by destroying microorganism or cancerous or tumor carrels. Generally, chemotherapy acts by destroying rapidly dividing cells although the mechanism that leads to this differs. Several divisions of chemotherapy agents exist such as the anti-metabolites, plant alkaloids the topoisomerase inhibitors, anthracyclines and alkylation agents which be discussed in this paper. Generally, alkylation agents engagement by addition of alkyl groups to the one thousand of DNA molecule at number 7 tinge of imidazole group (Siddik, 2002).Alkylation agents significance The name originates from their ability to alkylate several nuclophilic functional categories in certain cellular conditions . Examples of alkylation agents are carboplatin, oxaliplatin and cisplatin that cook by covalent bond formation with specific carboxyl, sulphurhydril and orthophosphate groups in molecules of biological importance (Siddik, 2002). These are regar ded as platinum-based alkylation agents. These platinum based alkylation agent are divided up into first, second and third generations made up of cisplatin,caboplatin and oxaliplatin respectively.They found important use in treatment of mesothelioma . They work at all stage of cell cycle and impair cellular DNA synthesis as well as transcption (Siddik, 2002). Cisplatin is used to treat lung and testicular cancers. Other alkylation agents admit chlorambucil, mechlorethamine, ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide as well as procarbazine and bulsulphan. Alkylation agents are effective at all stage of cell cycle making them useful in treating wide range of cancer especially the slow growing ones like solid tumor and leukemia (Pizzo & Poplack, 2006)All divvy up biochemical mechanism although they may differ in their clinical effects. The significance of alkylation agents is not only seen in treatment of leukemia, lymphomas and solid tumors. They are also found significant in the treatment o f non neoplastic conditions such as cyclophosphamide use in treatment of autoimmune disease . Pulse dose cyclophosphamide is used in lupus nephritis and other conditions like Wegeners granulomatosis, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis (Siddik, 2002).They are not thus far free of side effects especially after prolonged use and these include amenorrhea (cessation of menses), oligospermia (reduction in sperm count) as well as secondary cancers such as acute myelogenous leukemia (Pizzo & Poplack, 2006). General assortment of alkylating chemotherapeutical agents ? Non-specifically acting agents They crosslink guanine nucleobases present in bifurcate helix of DNA and by so doing stop tumor proliferation. ? Agents that need activation This includes cyclophosphamide which needs in-vovo conversion to active product? Biakylating and Monoakylating agents The biakylating agents are overt of reacting with two 7-N guanine residues. When these residues are in different DNA strands, t here is resulting crosslinkage of DNA strands and this makes DNA double helix to fail to uncoil (Siddik, 2002). However, when the two guanine moieties are in same base strands, what occurs is know as limpet association of DNA to the drug molecule. Example of biakylating agent is Bulsuphan . On the contrary, monoakylating agents are only surefooted of reacting with one 7-N of guanine molecule.? Classical alkylation agents These are termed alkyl groups and they include three subgroups which are (a) the normality mustards which include mephalan, ifosfamide, uramustine, chlorambucil, mechlorethamine and cyclophosphamide b) The nitrosoureas which are carmustine, streptozocin and lomustine c) the alkyl sulphonates such as bulsuphan. ? Alkylation-like agents They lack alkyl group but destroy DNA. They are regarded as alkylation-like as they coordinate to DNA so as to interrupt DNA repair permanently.They are the platinum based drugs such as cisplatin,oxaliplatin and carboplatin. They als o bind at N7 position of guanine (Siddik, 2002) ? The Non-classical original categories are termed non-classical such as altremine and procarbazine. Furthermore, sometimes the platinum based drugs are also regarded as non-classical. nitrogen Mustards The nitrogen mustards are a group of DNA alkylation agents which are not specific . They are cytotoxic and have similar qualities to mustard gas, hence utilized as medicinal and chemical warfare agents.Nitrogen mustards stockpiled by many countries in WW II serve as potent and useful blister agents. Nitrogen mustards remove bone marrow production of red blood cells. The first nitrogen mustard developed was mustine with anti-neoplastic chemotherapeutic value. Other examples of alkylation agents in nitrogen mustard family are mephalan, cholambucil, cyclophosphamide, uramustine and ifosfomide (Siddik, 2002). The likes of Bis (2-chloroethyl) ethylamine and Tris (2-choloroethlamine) are few nitrogen mustards used in chemical warfare.Nitro gen mustards mode of feat involves formation of aziridinium or cyclic aminium ion when the amine nitrogen displaces chloride at intermolecular level. This is then followed by alkylation of DNA centers by the azidirium group (Siddik, 2002). Malfunctioning of alkylation DNA is inveterate during replication (Pizzo & Poplack, 2006). They prevent cell division and by so doing cause abnormal base pairing. as well it is possible that more than a single alkylation groups may exist in each molecule .In battle array words, these therapeutically useful alkylation agents are either bialkylating or polyalkylating agents (Siddik, 2002). The damaging effect is comparable to that which is seen with exposure of inheritable material to radiation making it radiometric. Earlier, nitrogen mustards have been shown to form interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) and this formation takes place between N-7 of guanine residue in a 5-d (GC) sequence, although it was later discovered that nitrogen mustards form a 1 ,3 Interstrand crosslinks in the 5-d (GNC) sequence (Siddik, 2002).For instance, cyclophosphamide (cytophosphane), a nitrogen mustard arise from oxazophorine group and exhibits their chemotherapeutic effects by its nitrogen mustard metabolite,phosphoramide which form both interstrand and intrastrand crosslinkages at N-7 position of guanine molecule causing cell death. Cyclophosphamide metabolite is usually produced in cell with low amount of ALDH. References Pizzo, P. A & Poplack, D. G. (2006). Principles and practice of pediatric oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.pp. 310-320. Siddik, Z. H (2002)Mechanism of action of Cancer chemotherapeutic agents DNA-Interactive alkylation agents and Antitumor platinum based Drugs. Retrieved On August 15,2010 from http//webcache. googleusercontent. com/search? q=cachebrnWwlXCLnIJhasdl. kau. edu. sa/cyclopedia/2/h6%2520archive/17. pdf+Mechanisms+of+Action+of+Cancer+Chemotherapeutic+Agents+DNA-Interactive+Alkylating+Agents+and+Antitumour+Plati num-Based+Drugs+by+Zahid+H. +Siddik&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk

Similar Gothic Elements in the Work of Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne

Similar Gothic Elements in the Work of Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe ar considered masters of American gothic fiction. They used similar gothic elements in their writing and used it to build up a sense of impend doom. Even today numerous readers enjoy, film, and discuss the gothic elements both utilized in their work. Gothic writing is a style that is concerned with the immorality side of nightspot, an evil that lies within the self.Poe and Hawthorne contributed stories which adopted dark struggles between characters and society with its rules of raise of the time. Gothic writing is fantasy meant to entertain despite the fact that it depicts the governmental and social problems happening at the time. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allen Poe used their writing to allow them and readers continue with the problems of society, their own lives, and their inner demons. Poe and Hawthornes work are still being interpreted by genera tions of readers on many dissimilar levels.Nathaniel Hawthorne was unmatchable of the approximately valiant and significant writers of fiction before the Civil War. He gained fame for publishing, The vermilion Letter, and was praised for his literary style. The Scarlet Letter, allowed him to carry on attention to issues he valued. Other stories like, The Birthmark, and, Rappaccinis Daughter, provided a unique view of a how a male dominated society can harm its women. Author Henry James considered him a wizard and the most significant writer of his time (Norton Anthology, Nathaniel Hawthorne 1272).Often Hawthornes jobs pulled him away from his writing but allowed him to ache his family. Hawthorne skillfully used gothic elements in his writing to create a clear picture of some approaching wipeout. Though he favored his poetry, Edgar Allan Poe was a master weaver of wickedness tales who influenced other writers much(prenominal) as T. S. Eliot and William Faulkner (Norton An thology, Edgar Allan Poe 1531). His lifetime of troubles may have do his stories of haunting and terminal.His reputation as one of the account writers of the macabre in the 18th century is due to selections of poetry and prose such as, The Raven, The Purloined Letter, The Tell-Tale Heart and The Cask of Amontillado. His story, The Murders in the Rue Morgue, is considered to be the first modern detective story. Poe tried to make writing his fillet of sole marrow of work but found that was not possible so he spent time doing different jobs and even joining the military for a time, none of which worked out. He was prone to drinking and had health issues most of his life.For a time, he was an editor for different publications. However, aft(prenominal) the death of his wife, Virginia, Poes weakness for drinking increase and partly contributed to his death. Hawthorne and Poe used gothic elements in their writing to build up the sense of be doom. For example, about of Edgar Allan Poes work seems to follow a pattern the indeterminate urban situations, the nightmare intensities, and above all, the confusions of soul as the protagonists madness destabilizes account and setting (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Three 30).Poe used these near death situations and a dreamlike feeling in his writing coupled with his morbid sense of humor to throwback the outlook of his readers. He combined in his poetry and prose ways to make his readers quiver unspeakably and summon them with psychological complexities. In the selections The Fall of the dramatics of Usher, and The Murders at Rue Morgue, he incorporates gothic elements of fantastic bare which invite and challenge interpretation (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Three 32).To illustrate this, Nathaniel Hawthorne similarly internalized and domesticated the Gothic to explore its insights into the psychology of everyday life, and its applicability to history (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Three 33). His tales are full of magical or fetish objects which are used to show a series of historical and personal kernels (Lloyd-Smith Chapter Three 33). Hawthorne used these elements to create a atmosphere of gothic strangeness that fascinate the reader due to the variety of meanings it contains such as the crimson letter in his novel, The Scarlet Letter, or the cryptic veil in The Ministers total darkness Veil. In particular, The Fall of the House of Usher, is justly the most famous of all Poes gothic horrors. For it is barely within the context of this nightmare that one can explain why Usher, occupies such an important browse in the 19th century development of the Gothic genre. With great attention to economy of expression and wholeness of effect, this pattern would be revisited by countless other Gothic stylists (Dougherty 6).This means that Poe used the fantasy of impending doom in The Fall of the House of Usher to change it from being just an upper screen dream, to a tale of horror which brought together some of the poli tical situations in the nineteenth century such as those of race and class. Hawthorne and Poe successfully incorporated gothic elements in their writing which provides greater insight to the meaning and interpretation of their works. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe utilized specific literary elements to bring their stories to life for their readers.For instance, Poe uses imagery to transform The Fall of the House of Usher, into a rebellion of inharmonious elements. The house has the same structure as a human head, with windows shaped like eyes, and as it begins to fall into disrepair so to do the humans inhabiting the home, Roderick and Madeline. They are no longer governed by reason and there is a shift to corruption, insanity, and incorrect behavior (Bloom 32). This means that the di sliminesstegration of the home mirrors the impending death of those living in the home as well.Ultimately, the home crumbles and is swallowed into the waters of a small lake after Madeline an d Roderick die. In addition, Nathaniel Hawthorne prolific use of emblems in his writing alerts us that they are allegories and that the stories go beyond the regional, historic, rural and gothic boundaries which generate and define them (Heim & Bloom 49). This means in The Birthmark, the birthmark itself actually symbolizes life as opposed to imperfection because when Aylmer removes it from his wifes face, he achieves the perfection he is seeking, but at the cost of her life. Alas, it was too true The fatal Hand gad grappled with the mystery of life, and was the bond by which an angelic notion kept itself in union with a mortal frame. As the last crimson tint of the birth-markthat sole token of human imperfectionfaded from her cheek, the parting breath of the now perfect woman passed into the atmosphere, and her soul, sluggish a moment, near her husband, took its heavenward flight (Norton Anthology, Nathaniel Hawthorne 1331).In addition, the emblem he uses in The Scarlet Letter, suggests the reader should seek more meaning regarding what it really was and what it was gradeing the reader because it was about more than just about forbidden love. In Rappaccinis Daughter, the garden itself became a source of poison despite its incredible peach tree because the flowers that make it beautiful could kill anyone who comes close to them. Moreover, Hawthornes tales are critiques of the nature and efficacy of conflicting set with which moral problems can be met (Heim & Bloom 53).This means that because of his Puritan heritage, Hawthorne used his writing to explore the supervene upon of and the difficulty between situations dealing with desires and imagination. He looked at the moral problems and the limitations where desires and actions connect and struggle. In The Scarlet Letter, the mount is set for the struggle of forbidden sexual intercourse between Minister Dimmesdale and Hester Prynne. Poe and Hawthorne contributed stories which contained struggles between characters and the society and its rules of order of the time. For example, Hawthornes tales are often constructed to suggest that they are narratives veiled by something in the structure of the narrative itself (Heim & Bloom 68). This means that Hawthornes selections describe people who are torn between their own wishes and the differing demands of society and its rules of right and wrong. They test ones limits and the possibilities of sin and virtue with a great anxiety for righteousness. Hawthorne had an cosy understanding of the elements that makeup and set apart the human condition.To illustrate, for Edgar Allan Poe reason seems a masquerade, adopted only when pleasant as in his analysis of his own poem, The Raven, that refuses submission to its rule. He claimed the existence of a Higher Reason, social by intuition and introspection and Poes fiction plays around this radix showing how his narrators attempt to contain their irrational experiences, drives, and desires within the rational framework(Lloyd-Smith, Chapter tail fin 68). Poe believed reason was useful on his terms and the irrational could be controlled to a certain degree.This is why he is considered the father of the short story. In addition, Poes prose, continually confronts the material of the real body or the corpse. Death is perpetually confronted, but the doorway opens only to the horror of this intransigent real such as in, The Tell Tale Heart, which begins with the narrator explaining his reason for committing murder (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Five 69). He had never wronged me. He had never given me insult. For his gold I had no desire. I look at it was his eye Yes, it was thisHe had the eye of a vulturea pale blue eye, with a video over it. Whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold and so by degreesvery graduallyI made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever (290 Poe). Also, characters in Poes stories seem to be awaiting death and cheat it l ong enough to be able to select their last message before meeting some horrifying end. His narrators also began by explaining the reason for their misdeeds or misfortunes to the reader as a preface to the actual story.Hawthorne and Poe also used their writing to allow them to deal with the problems of society, their own lives, and their inner demons. To illustrate, The Gothic world Hawthorne created in his fictionwith its his gloomy settings, concern with death, and explorations of the diabolicis substitution to his moral and thematic purposes as it allowed him a broad realm through which he could tell the dark truths about the world as he perceived it (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Five 71). This means that the gothic elements he used in this writing allowed him to tell about social injustices he felt strongly about. most such issues were slavery and the degradation of women in a male dominated society. For example, Poes works are associated with death and horror, and he finds a place am ong the gothic writers. In fact, Poes use of death as a central motif finds service only in his pursuit of the effect which Poe suggests should be the motivation behind the mental home and development of any short story(Pahl 8). The use of death as a central theme in his writing was helpful only if they produced a physical effect on the reader.Poe felt this gothic element should be the driving force behind any short story that is to be developed and worthy of reading. In addition, Poe strived to achieve an emotional effect of either melancholy or terror when he chose the unanticipated and undeserved death of young maidenssoul mates either as wives or sistersas the subject most likely to inspire this gothic effect (Pahl 10). Poe often chose to portray women in his works as weak, sickly and almost deserving of some ghastly demise. The characters were usually young and whose roles were that of sisters or wives in the selections.Finally, Hawthorne and Poe both had a fascination with d eath and the supernatural, which they included in their writing. These gothic elements coupled with the lessons about life, death, morality, sin and virtue in a male dominated world make their writing major sources of study and discussion even today. Readers can choose to focus on Poes specific situations set up to produce a reaction or Hawthornes ability to draw attention to details and setting. clearly these two gothic fiction writers helped establish the American short story with a dark twist. plant Cited Bloom, Harold. Thematic Analysis of The Haunted Palace. Blooms Major Poets Edgar Allan Poe (Jan. 1999) 32-35. Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. Laredo residential district College Library, Laredo, TX. 06 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=lfh&AN=16466202&site=ehost-live Dougherty, Stephen. Foucault in the House of Usher Some Historical Permutations in Poes Gothic. Papers on Language & Literature 37. 1 (n. d. ) 3. Literary Reference Center. EBSC O. Laredo lodge College Library, Laredo, TX. 0 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=lfh&AN=4316178&site=ehost-live Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym et al. Vol. B. New York, W. W. Norton & Co. , 2007. 1272-1495. Heims, Neil, and Harold Bloom.. An Introduction to Some Elements of Nathaniel Hawthornes Fiction. Blooms BioCritiques Nathaniel Hawthorne (Jan. 2003) 49-78. Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. Laredo Community College Library, Laredo, TX. 24 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. spx? direct=true=lfh=16305750=ehost-live Lloyd-Smith, Allan. Chapter Five Major Themes in American Gothic. 65-132. Continuum foreign Publishing chemical group Ltd Books, 2004. Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. Laredo Community College Library, Laredo, TX. 24 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true=lfh=23674509=ehost-live Lloyd-Smith, Allan. Chapter Three How to Read American Gothic. 25-35 . Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd Books, 2004. Literary Reference Center.EBSCO. Laredo Community College Library, Laredo, TX. 25 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true=lfh=23674507=ehost-live Pahl, Dennis. Architects of the Abyss The indeterminable Fictions of Poe, Hawthorne and Melville. Columbia University of Missouri Press, 1989. Poe, Edgar A. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym et al. Vol. B. New York, W. W. Norton & Co. , 2007. 1528-1626. Poe, Edgar A. The Tell Tale Heart. The Portable Poe. Ed. Philip Van Doren Stern. New